Melancholy
The word melancholy is borrowed from Latin melancholia, transcribed itself from Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía) composed of μέλας (mélas), "black" and χολή (Khole), "bile". So etymologically the word means black bile. This refers to the Hippocratic theory of humors saying that the body possesses four moods, and each one of them determines our temper. These four moods are the blood, the lymph, the yellow bile and the black bile. Therefore the temper is blood when blood predominates, lymphatic whenever lymph leads, bile=ious when it is the yellow bile, and finally melancholy when it’s the black bile. And this black bile caused a sadness that was exclusive to geniuses.
Melancholy was considered a source of geniality and madness that would cause grief and not just reduced, by our societies, to a single pathology, sadness, or distaste for life.
Melancholy, in the ancient sense, would allow to mourn, to surpass or to find some meaning in life, in other words, it is a passage in times of crisis (which does not always lead to a negative results).
Here, the term melancholy is clearly represented by the artist as a transition and a sublimation of a person’s internal state.
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